Ladin - ladin

Standard Ladin vocabulary, numerals and quotations for comparison with other languages


Unlike Piemontese and Lombard, Ladin is not one of the Gallo-Italic languages of northern Italy. It is instead one of the Rhaeto-Romance languages which comprise, from west to east, Romansch, Ladin and Friulan. These form the plural of nouns and adjectives by adding an s, not by changing a vowel, e.g. Ladin volp, volpes, (fox, foxes), Italian volpe, volpi. Also, the Latin l is preserved in words like blanch, flum (white, river), Italian bianco, fiume. Thirdly, before the "a" sound, "c" and "g" are often palatized so that "c" becomes "ci" and is pronounced ch and "g" becomes "gi" and is pronounced j. Compare Ladin cian, giat (dog, cat) with the corresponding Italian cane, gatto. Romansch, Ladin and Friulan each display all these three features, while the North Italian dialects don't.

To summarise:

Romansch vulp    vulps    flum chaval    giat Rhaeto-Romance
Ladin volp volpes flum ciaval giat
Friulan volp volps flum cjaval gjat
Piemontese volp volp fium caval gat Gallo-Italic
Lombard vólp vólp fiùmm    cavàll gàtt
Italian volpe volpi fiume cavallo gatto Italo-Dalmatian
fox foxes river horse cat


1. fre    brother        1. sci    yes        1.   
2. sor    sister        2. no    no        2.   
3. fi    son        3. per plajei    please        3. Capì    To understand
4. fia    daughter        4. dilan    thank you        4. Capesce    I understand
5. pere    father                  5. Ne capesce nia    I don’t understand
6. mere    mother        1. domenia    Sunday        6. Sé    I know
          2. lunesc    Monday        7. Ne sé nia    I don’t know
1. aisciuda    spring        3. mertesc    Tuesday          
2. isté    summer        4. mercui    Wednesday        1. (ie) son    I am
3. auton    autumn        5. juebia    Thursday        2. (tu) ies    you are
4. invern    winter        6. vender    Friday          
          7. sabeda    Saturday        3. (el) é    he is
1. ciaval    horse                  (ela) é    she is
2. cian    dog        1. zité    town          
3. giat    cat        2. paisc    village        1. (nos) son    we are
4. vacia    cow        3. streda    street        2. (vos) seis    you are
5. manz    bull        4. plaza    square          
6. porcel    pig        5. pont    bridge        3. (ei) é    they are (masculine)
7. biescia    sheep        6. ciasa    house        (eles) é    they are (feminine)
8. louf    wolf        7. ourt    garden          
9. soricia    mouse        8. gliejia    church          
10. ucel    bird        9. scola    school        1. un, una    one (msc., fem.)
11. aucia    goose        10. stazion    station        2. doi, does    two (msc., fem.)
12. pesc    fish                  3. trei    three
                    4. cater    four
1. pan    bread        1. fosch    black        5. cinch    five
2. pom    apple        2. blanch    white        6. sies    six
3. nousc    nut        3. brum    blue        7. set    seven
4. sel    salt        4. vert    green        8. ot    eight
5. peiver    pepper        5. ghel    yellow        9. nuef    nine
6. miel    honey        6. cuecen    red        10. diesc    ten
7. lat    milk                  11. undesc    eleven
8. smauz    butter        1. cuché    to see        12. dodesc    twelve
9. ciajuel    cheese        2. audì    to hear        13. tredesc    thirteen
10. ega    water        3. mangé    to eat        20. vint    twenty
11. vin    wine        4. beive    to drink        30. trenta    thirty
12. bira    beer        5. cianté    to sing        100. cent    a hundred
                      
1. crep    mountain        1. inom    name        1. man    hand
2. mer    sea        2. scrive    to write        2. pe    foot
3. lech    lake        3. liber    book        3. cuer    heart
4. flum    river        4. rejoné    to speak        4. sanch    blood
5. vedl    old        5. di    day        5. cef    head
6. nuef    new        6. nuet    night        6. uedl    eye
7. bastiment    ship        7. edema    week        7. oredla    ear
8. ferata    train        8. meis    month        8. dent    tooth
9. autobus    bus        9. ann    year        9. ciavei    hair
10. port    harbour        10. y    and        10. dormì    to sleep
                      
1. jené    January        7. lugio    July        1. soredl    sun
2. fauré    February        8. agost    August        2. luna    moon
3. merz    March        9. setember    September        3. steila    star
4. auril    April        10. otober    October        4. vent    wind
5. mei    May        11. november    November        5. pluevia    rain
6. jugn    June        12. dezember    December        6. neif    snow
                    7. glacia    ice
1. freit    cold        1. ciaut    hot        8. fuech    fire
2. pice    small        2. gran    large        9. pera    stone
3. sotil    thin        3. spes    thick        10. arjent    silver
4. fort    sour        4. douc    sweet          
                      
1. bocia    mouth        1. dé    to give        1. sourt    deaf
2. lenga    tongue        2. compré    to buy        2. sot    deep
3. parola    word        3. senté    to sit        3. plen    full
4. lingaz    language        4. lieje    to read        4. joen    young
5. flour    flower        5. marcé    market        5. bon    good
6. saon    soap        6. porta    door        6. re    king


9. Pere nost, che t’ies en ciel, al sie santifiché ti inom, 10. al vegne ti regn, sia fata tia volonté, coche en ciel enscì en tera.

9 Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name, 10 your kingdom come, your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Matthew 6



Ladin is spoken in:

Mareo - Marebbe - Enneberg
San Martin - San Martino - St.Martin
Badia - Badia - Abtei
Corvara - Corvara - Kurfar
Fodom - Livinallongo - Buchenstein
Urtijei - Ortisei - St.Ulrich
Selva - Selva - Wolkenstein
Cianacei - Canazei - Kanzenei
Ciampedel - Campitello - Kampidel
Mazin - Mazzin - Matzin
Poza - Pozza - Potzach
Vich - Vigo - Wiegen
Soraga - Soraga - Überwasser
Moena - Moena - Mön


Some Approximate Pronunciations

Ladin as in is pronounced as in UK English
c(e)-, c(i)- cent, cinch ch chess, chicken
-c douc ch much
ch(e)-, ch(i)- chestion, chilò k kennel, keep
-ch blanch k blank
g(e)-, g(i)- general, gigant ge-, gi- general, giraffe
gh(e)-, gh(i)- ghest, ghips g get, gift
-gh astrologh g frog
gn gnoch, bagn ni opinion
j juech, plajei si vision
vowel + s + vowel ciasa, avisa z maze
sc Pasca -sh c- flash card
sc(e)-, sc(i)- scempl, scimia sh shelf, ship
-sch fosch -sk tusk
sp respet -sh p- cash payment
st stala -sh t- wash tub
z zenza ts cats


Ladin dialects:
Val Badia Ladin
Val Gardena Ladin
Val di Fassa Ladin



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I wanted to share with you why I think Christianity is such a great religion. A person who lives to 70 has a life of 613,200 hours. Christianity promises that the next life will be in ideal surroundings with friendly, happy people. There will be perfect health and no crime. Of course you’re free to reject it.

Isn’t it worth, though, spending at least part of one of your 613,200 hours just checking it out. Then if you reject it, at least you’ll have made an informed decision. Is it just possible that your world view could be wrong and Christianity might actually be true? Where would that leave you if you choose to turn down the offer of eternal life?


These are some of my wife's thoughts and ideas:


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