Recent Welsh Grammar

Nouns

Nouns have two genders, masculine and feminine.

pentref      village (masc.)
Singular
nom.      y pentref      the village
Plural
nom.      y pentrefi      the villages

pont      bridge (fem.)
Singular
nom.      y bont      the bridge
Plural
nom.      y pontydd      the bridges

Verbs

bod      to be
Singular
1. yr wyf i      I am
2. yr wyt ti      you are (familiar)
yr ydych chwi      you are (formal)
3. y mae ef      he is
y mae hi      she is
Plural
1. yr ydym ni      we are
2. yr ydych chwi      you are
3. y maent hwy      they are

bod gan      to have
Singular
1. y mae ... gennyf i      I have ...
2. y mae ... gennyt ti      you have ...
     (familiar)
y mae ... gennych      you have ...
              chwi      (formal)
3. y mae ... ganddo ef      he has ...
y mae ... ganddi hi      she has ...
Plural
1. y mae ... gennym ni      we have ...
2. y mae ... gennych chwi      you have ...
3. y mae ... ganddynt hwy      they have ...

darllen      to read
Singular
1. yr wyf i'n darllen      I read
2. yr wyt ti'n darllen      you read (familiar)
yr ydych chwi'n darllen      you read (formal)
3. y mae ef yn darllen      he reads
y mae hi'n darllen      she reads
Plural
1. yr ydym ni'n darllen      we read
2. yr ydych chwi'n darllen      you read
3. y maent hwy'n darllen      they read

Adjectives

Adjectives have two genders, masculine and feminine and are usually placed after the noun.

cryf      strong (masc.)
Singular
ceffyl cryf      a strong horse
y ceffyl cryf      the strong horse
Plural
ceffylau cryf      strong horses
y ceffylau cryf      the strong horses

gref      strong (fem.)
Singular
caseg gref      a strong mare
y gaseg gref      the strong mare
Plural
cesig cryf      strong mares
y cesig cryf      the strong mares

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