Middle Welsh Grammar
Nouns
Nouns have two genders, masculine and feminine.
cledyf |
|
sword (masc.) |
Singular |
nom. |
|
y cledyf |
|
the sword |
Plural |
nom. |
|
y cledyveu |
|
the swords |
caer |
|
fort (fem.) |
Singular |
nom. |
|
y gaer |
|
the fort |
Plural |
nom. |
|
y keyryd |
|
the forts |
Verbs
bot |
|
to be |
Singular |
1. |
yd wyf i |
|
I am |
2. |
yd wyt ti |
|
you are |
3. |
y mae ef |
|
he is |
|
y mae hi |
|
she is |
Plural |
1. |
yd ym ni |
|
we are |
2. |
yd ywch chwi |
|
you are |
3. |
y maent wy |
|
they are |
bot gan |
|
to have |
Singular |
1. |
y mae ... genhyf |
|
I have ... |
2. |
y mae ... genhyt |
|
you have ... |
3. |
y mae ... ganthaw |
|
he has ... |
|
y mae ... genthi |
|
she has ... |
Plural |
1. |
y mae ... genhym |
|
we have ... |
2. |
y mae ... genhwch |
|
you have ... |
3. |
y mae ... ganthunt |
|
they have ... |
gwelet |
|
to see |
Singular |
1. |
mi a welaf |
|
I see |
2. |
ti a wely |
|
you see |
3. |
ef a wel |
|
he sees |
|
hi a wel |
|
she sees |
Plural |
1. |
ni a welwn |
|
we see |
2. |
chwi a welwch |
|
you see |
3. |
wy a welant |
|
they see |
Adjectives
Adjectives have two genders, masculine and feminine and are usually placed after the noun.
bychan |
|
little (masc.) |
Singular |
march bychan |
|
a little horse |
y march bychan |
|
the little horse |
Plural |
meirch bychein |
|
little horses |
y meirch bychein |
|
the little horses |
vechan |
|
little (fem.) |
Singular |
morwyn vechan |
|
a little maiden |
y vorwyn vechan |
|
the little maiden |
Plural |
morynyon bychein |
|
little maidens |
y morynyon bychein |
|
the little maidens |
Home